The Jurković sisters secured Croatia's first major senior medal and the first for Croatian women's rowing since 2012 with a time of 8:03.13 minutes.
The gold went to Romania (7:52.05), with Greece taking the silver (8:00.87).
The Sinković brothers finished fourth with a time of 7:10.52 minutes, just four seconds behind the bronze medalists from Switzerland. The gold was won by Great Britain (7:01.54), with Romania taking the silver (7:03.88).